Domestic Water Treatment Plant | Domestic Water Treatment System

Domestic Water Treatment Plant

Wastewater which is derived from human activities in households like bathing, doing laundry, or dishwashing, disposing of the garbage, cleaning or using the toilets, etc. are called Domestic Wastewater. This wastewater usually contains a relatively small amount of contaminants, but even a small amount of pollutants can make a significant impact on the environment, and thus, this requires proper treatments. Hence, a properly installed and maintained domestic water treatment plant is required for treating and disposing of household wastewater which will minimize the impact on groundwater and surface water and reduce the dangers it can provide to the environment.

Domestic water treatment plays an important role nowadays, as water misuse is happening a lot. Domestic water treatment methods ensure that all household sewage is properly treated to make it safe, clean, and suitable for releasing back into the environment, lakes, or streams. Home sewage systems are designed to treat all of the liquid waste which is released from a residence to the environment. Possible contaminants in household water include household chemicals and excess nutrients such as nitrate and due to which it makes it necessary to get done a domestic water treatment process.

Domestic water consists of two main fluxes or instances: one is greywater which is from kitchen sinks, washbasins, laundry washing, showers, baths, etc., and the second one is black water which is from toilets and urinals, containing harmful chemicals.

Domestic water treatment machine breaks down domestic wastes via three critical stages.

1. Primary Stage:

a. In the first stage of the domestic water treatment system, it removes the particles of about 40-60% of the suspended solids.

b. It includes screening to remove large objects such as sticks, stones, etc. which can cause damage to tank inlets.

c. It employs a chamber which slows down the process of the flow of water to allow grit to fall out naturally to the bottom of the tank where it can be removed with ease.

d. Settling/sedimentation tank, in this stage, helps to remove the sinking and floating contaminants present in the water.

e. The partially treated water from the primary tanks then flows to the secondary treatment system for further processing

2. Secondary Stage:

a. In this stage, the biological (aerobic/anaerobic) treatment of water from the primary stage begins, and thus, it removes up to 90% of organic matter.

b. In this stage, the activated sludge process which use dissolved oxygen to promote the growth of biological floc that substantially removes organic matter.

c. Bacteria-containing "activated sludge" continuously re-circulated back to the aeration tank to increase the rate of organic decomposition.

d. Bacteria which had attacked the dissolved and finely divided suspended solids which are not removed by primary sedimentation and done through this step.

e. The water is then taken to settling tanks where the sludge again settles, leaving the water 90 to 95 % free of pollutants.

3. Tertiary Stage:

a. When the substances from the secondary treatment are unacceptable, the third level of treatment called tertiary or advanced water treatment is done.

b. When the water reaches third and the last stage, it still carries some suspended matter and fine particles and is removed in this stage.

d. The water in the last stage is almost free from all the harmful substances and chemicals and which can be reused, recycled, or released back into the environment.

e. This stage is also called a disinfection stage or the UV stage.

Having done the domestic water treatment resolves issues at your house as well as the environment will be clean and safe.